Triethanolamine NF
CAS No. 102-71-6
Triethanolamine NF is 99% pure triethanolamine. Often abbreviated as TEA, it is an amine, an organic compound derived from ammonia which is used in low concentrations as as an alkalizing agent to increase the pH of cosmetic formulations.
When combined with stearic acid, it forms a mild soap that functions as a primary or secondary emulsifier in cosmetic formulations. In this use, it is generally used in a 2:1 ratio -- 2 parts stearic acid is neutralized by 1 part triethanolamine be weight. In practice, slightly less triethanolamine should be used to ensure TEA is the limiting reactant so that no free triethanolamine is left in the finished product.
Triethanolamine can also be used to neutralize Carbomer to enable it to thicken to a gel. In determining the amount to use, the general rule of thumb is to use equal amounts of TEA to Carbomer. In practice, as in the above example, slightly less TEA should be used.
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review has found Triethanolamine safe for use in rinse-off products, but recommends it not exceed 5% in leave-on cosmetic products. Additionally, it should not be used in products which also contain N-nitrosating agents to avoid the potential to form nitrosamines. N-nitrosating agents include the preservatives Bronopol, Bronidox L, and sodium nitrate.
In years past, TEA was sold at 85% and often contained a percentage of diethanolamine (DEA), the chief ethanolamine of concern in the formation of Nitrosamines, particularly NDELA (nitrosodiethanolamine), a potential carcinogen. Our Triethanolamine NF is 99.87% pure TEA and 0.13% water. It is lab assayed to contain 0.00% DEA.
According to the FDA, Nitrosamines are avoidable by proper formulation: by not using amines or amino derivatives in combination with a nitrosating agent and by testing the product under use conditions to make sure that nitrosamines do not form under customary conditions of use.
Recommended Usage Rate: Less than 5%
Appearance: Clear, pale yellow viscous liquid
Odor: Characteristic weak ammonia odor
Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohol
INCI: Triethanolamine
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